基于Rankine源法的气垫船破冰数值模拟

摘要

Based on the viscoelastic thin plate assumption and the potential flow theory,a unified theoretical dynamic model was established to study ice layer-water layer vibration problems due to ACV sailing on water surface,ice surface or broken ice surface.The numerical method combing Rankine source method and the finite difference method (FDM) was proposed,the prediction method for ice layer-water layer displacement responses,stress distribution and icebreaking effect was established using the simulation program written with C language and Matlab.Aiming at characteristics of ice layer in Yellow River water field,its stress distribution and ice-breaking effect were simulated numerically when ACVs sailing at subcritical speed,critical one and supercritical one.These simulated results showed that the established theoretical model and simulation method can not only reflect ice layer displacement deformation and its internal stress distribution characteristics,but also capture the critical speed of ACVs' ice-breaking;the ice layer's vibration features calculated agree well with those in the existing literature.%基于黏弹性薄板假设和势流理论,建立了气垫船在水面、冰面、碎冰面上航行时引起冰层-水层振动问题的统一的理论数学模型,提出了采用Rankine源与有限差分相结合的数值计算方法,通过C语言与Matlab联合编程,建立了冰层-水层的位移响应、应力分布以及破裂效果的预报方法.针对黄河水域冰层特点,对气垫船以亚临界、临界以及超临界速度航行时冰层的应力分布以及破裂情况进行了数值模拟.结果表明:所建立的理论模型和计算方法可以反映冰层的位移变形及其内部应力的分布特征,可以捕捉到气垫船破冰的临界速度,计算得到的冰层振动特性与已有文献的研究结果一致.