基于近场波束形成法的声发射源定位研究

摘要

引入近场波束形成法处理声发射信号,研究在小区域布置少量传感器来实现声发射源定位的新方法.首先,利用板波理论进行声发射信号传播特性研究,对比了板中声发射信号与空气中声波传播的差异性,分析了波束形成法应用于声发射源定位的问题.并在板上进行断铅实验,验证了近场波束形成法进行声发射源定位的有效性.最后,在旋转机械碰摩模拟实验台上进行了碰摩实验,利用波束形成法进行碰摩声发射源定位,所提出的方法能有效地定位旋转机械初始碰摩位置.所得结果可为声发射源定位提供一种新途径.%A new acoustic emission source location method is presented based on near-field beamforming, that is, the acoustic emission source location method is established based the beamforming process of acoustic emission signals measured by a few sensors installed in small region. First, the propagation characteristics' differences between the acoustic signals and acoustic emission signals by using plate wave theory, and on the basis of these results the influencing factors in acoustic emission beamforming location is analyzed. Then, the present method is verified by artificial acoustic emission which is created by breaking a mechanical pencil lead on the surface of the plate. Finally, the present method is used to locate the rotor-stator rub fault occurring on the experimental device of rub fault, and identify rub position efficiently. The results show that it is an optional method for locating AE source.