随着复杂网络在众多领域的广泛应用，如何提高网络的传输效率成为了其进一步应用的瓶颈。本文分别从基于节点和边信息的路由策略，改变拓扑结构的路由策略，路径选择策略以及排队策略四个方面展开，对网络中的路由传输策略进行介绍，并对其中具有重要影响的方法进行详细阐述。最后提出了这一领域中未来可能的研究方向。本文有助于相关学者快速了解当前网络中路由传输策略的研究进展，并能够帮助网络设计者以及管理者更好地提高网络的传输效率，最大程度上避免传输过程中的交通拥塞。%With the wide application of complex networks in many fields, how to improve the transportation efficiency has become the bottleneck of its further development in practice. This article classifies these routing ways from four aspects—reassigning the distribution of nodes’ capacity and links’ bandwidth, modifying network topology, designing routing strategies, and proposing queuing strategies. we also introduce some influential strategies in detail. Finally, we point out some potential directions in the future. This work is helpful for new learners and researchers to be familiar with this field and may be helpful for network designers or regulators to improve the network efficiency and avoid traffic jams.
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