渤黄海冬季海温异常的时空分布特征及影响因子分析

摘要

基于 Hadley 中心提供的海表温度数据，分析了我国渤黄海冬季海温的时空分布特征，探讨了同期东亚环流场及前期太平洋海温场与渤、黄海冬季海温典型空间分布型态的相关关系。分析结果表明，渤黄海冬季海温具有4类典型的空间分布型式，且均具有显著的准2a振荡周期。东亚地区冬季高、中、低纬位势高度场的异常分布型态及我国近海低层环流系统之间的相互配置对渤黄海冬季海温分布型有显著影响；同时，前期太平洋关键海域海温异常的不同配置是渤黄海冬季4类典型海温异常型态的前兆强信号。%Based on the monthly sea surface temperature (SST) data from the Hadley Center, the temporal and spatial distribution of winter SST anomalies in the Bohai Sea and Yellow Sea were studied. The correlation among the autumn Pacific SST anomalies, winter general circulation over East Asia and the typical spatial distribution of winter SST anomalies in the Bohai Sea and Yellow Sea were discussed. Results show that there were four dominant SST anomaly modes in the Bohai Sea and Yellow Sea, and that each had a significant quasi-biennial oscillation (QBO). Analyses show that the 500 hPa geopotential height pattern over East Asia and the circulation pattern over Chinese offshore area were crucial influencing factors of spatial distribution of winter SST anomalies in the Bohai Sea and Yellow Sea. Meanwhile, the prophase patterns of Pacific SST anomalies were strong precursor signals of spatial distribution of winter SST anomalies in the Bohai Sea and Yellow Sea.