2012年第11号强台风“海葵”(Haikui)在宁波象山沿海登陆后，穿过象山港向西北移动。利用布放在象山港内的海洋监测浮标获取的气象、水质等实时监测数据，通过对地形及台风过境特点的分析，就“海葵”过境期间浮标应对台风影响的可靠性进行了探讨。结果表明：1)台风“海葵”过境期间，象山港海面受风应力驱动产生近惯性振荡，引起海水搅动，使水温下降；浮标实测气压持续下降，台风登陆2h后才回升；风速和降雨量呈波动变化，台风风暴增水及径流使象山港水量、水深增加，水温下降，盐度减小，水体浊度增大。2)江、浙、皖的地形特征使台风强度逐渐衰减，在其过境期间，近惯性振荡持续时间较短，未对象山港海洋监测浮标产生大的影响，浮标基本没有发生位置偏移。3)象山港生态监测浮标的抗风能力达到了设计要求，是一个比较稳定的实时监测系统。象山港可以作为台风影响期间浮标的避风港。%Typhoon Haikui (1211) was the first typhoon that made landfall in Zhejiang province since 2009, which was also the strongest landfall typhoon in China in 2012. After touch-down in the Xiangshan coast, Typhoon Haikui moved to the northwest slowly, and crossed the Xiangshan Harbor. There was a marine monitoring buoy in the Xiangshan Harbor. Using the data of meteorological and water quality parameters collected by the marine monitoring buoy, we analyzed the reliability of the marine monitoring buoy in the Xiangshan Harbor during Typhoon Haikui. The results showed that during the influence of Typhoon Haikui, the water temperature dropped due to a near-inertial oscillation, which generated by the wind stress in the Xiangshan Harbor. The air temperature, pH and dissolved oxygen content collected by the marine monitoring buoy showed little change. The air pressure continued to decline until two hours after the landfall. Wind and rainfall fluctuated. Due to the heavy rainfall brought by Typhoon Haikui, the amount of water, water depth and water turbidity increased due to runoff; the water temperature dropped; and the salinity decreased. Typhoon Haikui weakened slowly after the landfall, and one of the main reasons for the weakening was the terrains in Jiangsu, Zhejiang and Anhui provinces. The near-inertial oscillation with a n shorter duration was not sufficient to cause a large position change of the marine monitoring buoy.During the typhoon event, the buoy basically remained in its position. The marine monitoring buoy whose ability to resist typhoon met the design requirements functioned as a relatively stable real-time monitoring system.
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