2012～2015年安徽宿州市手足口病病原学监测结果分析

摘要

Objective To analyze the epidemic trends and distribution characteristics of hand-foot and mouth disease(HFMD) in Suzhou city from 2012 to 2015 in order to provide scientific evidence for prevention and clinical treatment of this entity.Methods Real-time tRT-PCR was used to detect the nucleotides specific to enterovirus 71 (EV71) and coxasckievirus A16 (CoxA16).Results Positive nucleotides were detected in 520 of the 1286 cases.The total positive rate was 40.4％.Between 2012 and 2015,positive rate for diverse enterovirus infection was 32.4％,31.9％,59.2％ and 42.0％,respectively.One hundred and eighty-nine were associated with EV71 infection(14.7％),and 169 with CoxA16(13.1％).The infection rate was 13.0％,22.7％,13.1％ and 10.8％;and 14.2％,0,28.6％ and 7.7％ respectively in 4 years.Infections with other enterovirus were identified in 162 cases(total positive rate 12.6％),and the prevalence rate was 5.2％,8.8％,12.2％ and 23.5％ from 2012 to 2015,respectively.The positive ratio of men to women was 1.7∶ 1,and the positive rate was 41.0％ (331/ 808) in men and 39.3％ 188/478) in women.The positive samples were significantly different among counties and districts(x2 =34.229,P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion The major epidemic pathogens for HFMD were associated with EV71 and Coxa16 in 2012,and EV71 was dominant in 2013 and CoxA16 in 2014.Other enterovirus was more prevalent in 2015,and the positive rate for enterovirus tended to increase from 2012 through 2015.%目的 分析宿州市2012 ～2015年手足口病流行趋势和特征,为制订宿州市手足口病防控方案及临床治疗提供科学依据.方法 采用Real-time RT-PCR方法检测肠道病毒71型(EV71)、柯萨奇病毒A组16型(CoxA16)的特异性核酸.结果 共检测1 286例手足口病临床诊断病例标本,肠道病毒核酸总阳性520例,总阳性率40.4％.2012 ～ 2015年宿州市监测样本肠道病毒阳性率分别为32.4％、31.9％、59.2％、42.0％.EV71总阳性数189例,阳性率14.7％,2012～ 2015年样本EV71阳性率分别为13.0％、22.7％、13.1％、10.8％.CoxA16总阳性数169例,阳性率13.1％,2012～2015年样本CoxA16阳性率分别为14.2％、0、28.6％、7.7％.其他肠道病毒162例,总阳性率12.6％,2012 ～ 2015年样本其他肠道病毒阳性率分别为5.2％、8.8％、12.2％、23.5％.阳性病例男女比为1.7∶1,男女病例的阳性率分别为41.0％(331/808)和39.3％ (188/478).各县区病例样本阳性检出率有显著性差异(x2=34.229,P＜0.05).结论 宿州市手足病主要流行病原2012年以肠道病毒EV71和CoxA16为主要病原体,2013年以EV71为绝对优势流行病原,2014年以CoxA16为优势流行病原,2015年主要以除EV71和coxA16以外的其他肠道病毒为主.2012 ～2015年其他肠道病毒阳性检出率呈上升趋势.