交通温室气体排放和空气污染越来越受到国内各城市的广泛关注。控制温室气体排放和污染物排放的关键是找到排放的源头并进行科学量化，从而制定有针对性的政策措施。鉴于我国目前还没有发布全国性的交通排放评估方法，本文基于欧洲道路排放因子模型并结合北京实际的道路交通运行工况和车辆结构数据，采用自下而上的建模方法，利用车型分类、交通状态、工况单元和活动水平进行模型的数据划分，使用平均速度（V）、行驶过程中停车时间比例（SP）和相对正加速度（RPA）三个特征值作为描述工况单元的统计特征参数，借用计算机仿真构建了本地化的交通排放因子库，并在此基础上开发了基于交通活动水平的交通排放测算模型。该模型不仅能够建立北京市的交通能源消耗、温室气体排放和污染物排清单，而且能够与宏观交通模型无缝衔接，评估不同的交通政策对交通减排的潜在影响。%Transport emissions of greenhouse gases and air pollution have attracted extensive attention of cities in China. To identify the source of emissions and scientific quantitative description is the key to control greenhouse gas emissions and pollutants, which will develop targeted policies and measures. China, at the moment, has not published a nationally accepted tool to assess emissions in the urban transport sector. This paper is based on technical ideas of handbook of road emission factors in Europe and combining the reality driving cycle of Beijing road and vehicle structure data, using bottom-up modeling method, dividing by the vehicle classification, traffic situation, driving cycle unit and traffic activity data, and using the average speed (V), stop time percentage (SP) and relative positive acceleration (RPA) three characteristic values as de-scribed driving cycle unit statistical characteristic parameter. Using computer simulation technology to build the localization traffic emission factor, and on this basis to develop the traffic emission measurement model based on traffic activity data. The model not only can establish the list of Beijing traffic energy consumption, greenhouse gas emissions and pollutants, and able to seamlessly link with macroscopic traffic model, evalua-tion of different transportation policy impact on the traffic emission reduction potential.
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