莱茵衣藻作为绿色细胞工厂生产高附加值r重组蛋白的研究进展

摘要

重组蛋白广泛用于医疗、养殖、食品等领域.利用单细胞绿藻——莱茵衣藻为绿色细胞工厂生产重组蛋白的研究在很长时间以来便引起了广泛的关注.相对于传统细胞工厂,这种光合真核微生物在生产高附加值蛋白方面具有众多潜在优势,包括具备准确折叠和组装复杂蛋白的能力、规模化培养时间短、生物安全性高和生产成本低廉等.目前,利用莱茵衣藻叶绿体基因组和核基因组已成功表达了多种重组蛋白,如蛋白亚基疫苗、单链抗体、蛋白细胞因子、蛋白(肽)类激素和工业养殖业用酶等,初步证实了莱茵衣藻作为绿色细胞工厂方面的实用性.本文阐释了莱茵衣藻作为绿色细胞工厂生产高附加值重组蛋白的优势和目前已取得成就的典型案例,并对今后需要克服的困难进行了讨论.%Recombinant proteins are widely used in fields like medical treatment,cultivation and food industry.The unicel-lular green algae C.reinhardtii has since long time ago attracted great attention for its use as a green cell factory to produce recombinant proteins.Compared with traditional cell factories,this photosynthetic eukaryotic microbe has many advantages in the production of high-value recombinant proteins,due to its abilities of accurately folding and assemblying complex proteins,short incubation time,high bio-safety level,low production costs and so on.At present,C.reinhardtii chloroplast genome and nuclear genome have been successfully used to express a variety of recombinant proteins,such as subunit protein vaccines,single chain antibodies,cytokines,hormones and cultivated enzymes for industrial use,etc.These achievements have greatly verified the usefulness of C.reinhardtii as a green cell factory.In this article,the potentials of C.reinhardtii as a green cell factory to produce high-value recombinant proteins are summarized,successful cases for its usefulness as a green cell factory are presented and the shortcomings as an efficient green cell factory is discussed.