以无水葡萄糖、乙二醇为原料,以马来酸酐为连接基团与月桂酸经酯化反应合成新型的Gemini非离子型表面活性荆,得出反应的较佳工艺条件为:催化剂为葡萄糖质量的1.5%.乙二醇与葡萄糖投料比为3:1,125℃下糖苷化反应1.5 h,得到产物乙二醇葡萄糖苷;催化剂用量为反应物总量的0,5%,乙二醇葡糖苷与马来酸酐投料比为2.5:1,135℃下进行开环反应8 h,得到反应中间体乙二醇苷马来酸双酯;乙二醇苷马来酸双酯与月桂酸投料比1.5:1,140 ℃下反应6 h得到目标产物.产物结构用红外光谱和核磁共振谱确证.结果表明:该表面活性剂的表面张力为23.60mN/m(20℃),临界胶束浓度为5.77×10-3mol/L,显示出良好的表面活性,是一种较为理想的表面活性剂.%A new Gemini nonionic surfactant was prepared, taking anhydrous glucose, glycol, maleic anhydride, laurie acid as main material, and the reaction carried out by three steps. The optimum reaction conditions were as follows: it had reacted for 1.5 h, the temperature was 125 ℃, the molar ratio of anhydrous glucose/glycol was 3:1, the amount of catalyst was 1.5％ in the first step. The conditions of the second step reaction were the reaction temperature 135 ℃, the mole ratio of glycol glucoside/maleic anhydride 2.5:1, the amount of catalyst 0.5％ and 4 h of reaction time. In the last step, effects on the reaction of factors such as reaction time,catalyst dosage and reaction temperature were investigated, and reaction conditions were determined: mole ratio of glycol glucoside maleic anhydride ester to laurie acid was 1.5:1, and the temperature and time were 140 ℃ and 6 h. The product structure is characterized by IR and 13C-NMR. Besides, the critical micelle concentration (CMC) and the corresponding surface tension of the target product were measured to be 5.77×10-3 mol/L and 23.60 mN/m (20 ℃), respectively. The performance test results show good surface activity.
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