Graphene based quaternary ammonium salt (GQAS)has been fabricated through a series of derivative of graphene such as carboxylated graphene oxide(GO-COOH), amino-functionalization graphene oxide (AG) in the aim of enhancing the antibacterial properties of graphene oxide. The different functionalized GO were characterized by transmission electron microscope (TEM), Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The antibacterial activity to Gram-negative Escherichia coli (E. coli) and Gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) of GO, GO-COOH and GQAS were com-pared by UV-Vis spectrometer and scanning electron microscope (SEM). The results indicated that the antibac-terial rates of GQAS are 86.1%!and 95.3%!to E. coli and S. aureus, respectively. So GQAS is a promising new material for biological and medical applications.%为提高氧化石墨烯的抗菌性能，对其进行功能化改性，包括羧基化改性（GO-COOH）和氨基化改性（AG），最终得到石墨烯基季铵盐（GQAS）.通过透射电镜、红外光谱分析、X衍射、X光电子能谱对中间产物和终产物进行了表征，并通过紫外-可见光光谱仪和扫描电镜等测试表征了GO、GO-COOH和GQAS对革兰氏阴性大肠杆菌和革兰氏阳性金黄色葡萄球菌的抗菌性能.结果表明：GQAS对大肠杆菌的抑菌率达到86.1%，对金黄色葡萄球菌的抑菌率达到95.3%，是一种有潜力的生物医用材料.
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