溶胶-凝胶双层涂覆阻燃棉织物的制备及性能

摘要

采用三聚氰胺树脂和APP的混合液以及以正硅酸乙酯为前驱体的硅溶胶为涂层剂，通过浸渍-焙烘法结合溶胶-凝胶技术制备了双层涂覆阻燃棉织物。对制备过程中的TEOS浓度、pH值、焙烘温度、焙烘时间等参数对处理后织物的水洗后质量损失率的影响进行了研究，确定了最佳实验方案。采用傅里叶变换红外光谱分析（FTIR）、差示扫描量热分析（DSC）、热重分析（TG）对阻燃织物的结构及热性能进行表征；利用扫描电子显微镜（SEM）分析了不同样品燃烧前后的形貌；最后对各样品进行了阻燃耐久性测试。结果表明：制备的双层涂覆棉织物极限氧指数（LOI）达到了33%，具有优良的阻燃性能和较好的阻燃耐久性。%The mixture of melamine and ammonium polyphosphate (APP) and silica sol prepared with tetraethoxysilane (TEOS) as the precursor was used as the coating agents, and the double coated flame retardant cotton fabric was prepared by dipping-baking coupled with sol-gel technique. The effects of the concentration of TEOS, pH, temperature of baking, time of baking on the quality loss of the flame retardant cotton fabric after washing were discussed. And the optimum parameters were obtained. The structure and thermal properties of flame retardant cotton fabric were measured via Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FTIR), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and thermal gravimetric analysis (TG). The morphology of different samples was analyzed by scanning electron microscope (SEM). At last the durability of the retardant fabrics was tested. The results show that the LOI of the double-coated cotton fabric reaches 33%, and it has excellent flame retardant properties and good durability.