二氧化锆纳米溶胶对涤纶织物的抗紫外线整理

摘要

For applying nano-particles to the functional finishing of textiles, nano-ZrO2 sol was prepared by sol-gel method and the PET fabrics was treated with the ZrO2 sol by dip-padding process. A thin layer of nano-ZrO2 particles was formed onto the surface of the fabrics after being cured. The effects of concentration of reactant, type of hydrolysis promoter and the ratio of reactant to hydrolysis promoter on the particle size of ZrO2 sol were analyzed, and the optimal reaction conditions for preparing nano-ZrO2 sol were determined as follows; concentration of the reactant 0. 10 mol/L, hydrogen peroxide as hydrolysis promoter, mass ratio of hydrogen peroxide to ZrCl4 = 1:1; and the average diameter of ZrO2 sol obtained under optimal reaction conditions was 60 nm. The ultraviolet protection factor ( UPF) of the treated PET fabrics enhances from 86 to 185 (cured at 150 ℃ ) , which has a much lower ultraviolet ray transmission in UVA. The UPF value still remains 132 after 50 washing cycles, indicating that it has considerable washing durability.%为将纳米粒子应用于织物的功能整理,采用溶胶-凝胶法制备了ZrO2纳米溶胶,利用浸轧法将溶胶整理到涤纶织物上,烘焙后在织物表面形成了一层ZrO2纳米颗粒.分析反应物浓度、水解促进剂的种类和用量等条件对产物粒径的影响,得到制备ZrO2纳米溶胶的最佳反应条件:反应物浓度为0.10 mol/L,以双氧水为水解促进剂,m(H2O2)∶ m(ZrCl4)=1∶1.最佳条件下制备的ZrO2溶胶平均粒径约为60 nm.涤纶织物经ZrO2溶胶整理后,其紫外线防护系数(UPF)从86提高到185(150℃烘焙处理),在长波紫外线(UVA)区域紫外线透过率明显降低,经50次水洗后UPF值仍能保持在132,抗紫外线性能具有一定的耐水洗性.