聚酯／聚酰胺共聚纤维的结构及其理化性能

摘要

为探究聚酯／聚酰胺共聚纤维的结构和性能，采用傅里叶红外光谱、X射线衍射、差示扫描量热等方法对其结构和热性能进行了研究，同时考察了纤维对常见酸、碱、氧化剂、还原剂的耐受性能。结果表明：该纤维由聚酯和聚酰胺2种组分构成，结晶度为46�95％，玻璃化转变温度、结晶温度和熔融温度分别为70、150、233℃，具有较好的热稳定性；纤维对氢氧化钠的耐受性能较差，在氢氧化钠质量浓度为80 g／L，温度为90℃，处理60 min的条件下，纤维减量率高达97％；纤维对碳酸钠、盐酸、硫酸、过氧化氢、保险粉表现出较强的耐受性，但对硝酸的耐受性较差。%To investigate the structure and properties of polyester/polyamide copolymer( PET⁃A) fiber, the structure and thermal stability of PET⁃A fiber were studied by means of Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT⁃IR), X⁃ray diffraction (XRD) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). At the same time, fiber′s tolerance under different conditions of alkali, acid, oxidizing agents and reducing agents was analyzed. Result shows that PET⁃A fiber is composed of polyester and polyamide two components and its crystallinity is 46�95%. The thermal stability of PET⁃A fiber is better, and the glass transition temperature, crystallization temperature and melting temperature are 70 ℃, 150 ℃ and 233 ℃,respectively. The tolerance of PET⁃A fiber in sodium hydroxide solution is poor and the weight loss rate of fiber is more than 97% under the conditions of NaOH 80 g/L, 90 ℃ and 60 min. But PET⁃A fiber has better tolerance in sodium carbonate solution, hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, hydrogen peroxide and sodium dithionite solution. However it has poor tolerance in nitric acid solution.