形状记忆材料在功能防护服中的应用

摘要

为提高防护服的防护性能,平衡功能性需求和舒适性要求之间的关系,将形状记忆材料合理有效地应用于防护服装领域,从而动态地改变衣间空气层,实现防护服防护性能的动态调节.回顾了国内外形状记忆材料的相关研究,总结了现阶段形状记忆材料在功能纺织品服装中的应用现状,重点从形状记忆材料在热防护服和防寒服中的应用剖析了当前研究中的缺陷,从空气层厚度、热源、服装、形状记忆材料的数量和分布以及生理舒适性等方面凝练了形状记忆材料在防护服中的进一步应用方向,并从人体 服装 环境系统角度展望了具有形状记忆材料结构的防护服的发展趋势.%In order to improve protective performance of protective clothing and balance the relationship between functional requirements and comfortable demands, shape memory materials(SMM)are effectively applied in protective clothing to dynamically change air gap between fabric layers, and thus achieve the dynamic adjustability of protective performance. The current domestic and foreign research status on the application of SMM in functional textiles and garments were reviewed and the current research limitations were summarized, especially in thermal and cold protective clothing. Based on the above analysis, the specific direction for the application of SMM in protective clothing in the future was highlighted in terms of air gap size,thermal hazards,protective clothing factors,quantity and distribution of SMM,physiological comfort, etc. Finally, the development trend in protective clothing incorporated with SMM was proposed from the view of the human body-clothing-environment system.