根据微机械(MEMS)加速度计的测鲢原理对其误差源进行了分析,并研究了微型航姿系统中加速度计的非正交零偏以及温度特性.基于加速度计输出电压随温度变化的规律,利用分温度段对加速度计进行六位置标定的方法建立加速度计的误差模型,并应用于微型航姿系统,实现加速度计的实时补偿.多次实验结果表明,加速度计的误差模型校正了加速度计的非正交零偏耦合误差,实时有效地补偿加速度计的温度漂移误差,测量值的均方差最大减小了0.3 N/kg,零偏减小至0.2 N/kg以内.该误差模型具有良好的重复性,有效提高了系统的精度.%The error sources of MEMS accelerometer were analyzed according to its measurement principle, and the non-orthogonal bias and temperature characteristics of the accelerometer in the MIMU were studied. We used six-position calibration in sub-temperature ranges to establish an accelerometer error model, and the solution was applied to MIMU to implement real-time compensation.Many experimental results show that, the accelerometer error model calibrates the accelerometer bias coupling of non-orthogonal error and zero offset, effectively reduces the temperature drift error, the largest decrease of mean square error is 0.3 N/kg, and the bias is reduced to less than 0.2 N/kg. This error model is repeatable and effective to improve the accuracy of the system.
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