It manifested that remarkable changes have taken place on the social origin,educational experi-ence and career mobility of American college students since World War Ⅱ. The reasons are that,on one hand, female,minority and lower social-economic status students increasingly attained more and more education oppor-tunities. Meanwhile,the majority of students were Protestants,especially Baptists,Methodists,Lutherans,and Presbyterians. However,the number of students without religious background were steadily growing. On the oth-er hand,the market tremendously impacted American college students’motive of college attendance,degree pursuing,major choice and career mobility. Students fundamentally regarded attending college as economic choice based on cost-benefit analysis and deemphasized their social origin and status. In conclusion,the econom-ic discourse was gradually reforming the nature of higher education;one of the most important missions of higher education was to ensure the competitiveness of students in labor force,and the moral responsibility of higher edu-cation to family,community and society had been marginalized.%第二次世界大战以来，大学校园中的学生群体在社会构成、学习经历与教育成就、职业流向等方面都发生了明显的变化。在学生群体社会构成中，女性、少数族裔、低社会经济地位学生接受高等教育机会显著增长，学生宗教背景主要是以新教教徒为主，其中以浸礼会、卫理公会、路德教和长老会教徒居多，但无宗教信仰的学生群体比例也出现逐年增长的趋势。在学习经历与职业流动方面，美国大学生在入学动机、攻读学位、专业选择、职业流向中表现出明显的市场化倾向，学生对社会身份和阶层分化的敏感度逐渐下降，将入学学习作为一种基于经济回报的市场选择过程，淡化了其中的社会身份背景差异。从美国大学学生群体特征看，市场与经济领域的话语正在重构高等院校的属性，高等教育当前重要的使命之一即是维持个体在劳动市场中的竞争力，而对家庭、社区和民主社会的道德和伦理责任逐渐被边缘化。
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