地表土壤湿度光学遥感反演方法研究进展

摘要

地表土壤湿度是全球气候变化研究中的一个不可或缺的参数,发挥着重要的作用.利用遥感技术监测土壤湿度在过去的40年中发展迅速,在电磁波谱的很多波段(如可见光、近红外、热红外、微波)都可以进行地表土壤湿度的反演和估算,涌现出大量的估算方法和技术,在地表土壤湿度监测领域产生了革命性的变化.相对于传统监测和微波遥感监测方法,光学遥感具有时效快、成本低、良好的时空分辨率、动态对比性强,方法简单、数据获取和处理容易等优点.因此,对近40年来利用光学遥感反演地表土壤湿度的发展历程和方法进行了系统地分类分析和总结,包括:地表土壤湿度反演原理和方法、发展过程、研究现状、优势和不足以及将来的研究改进方向等,以期为研究地表土壤湿度的学者和相关人员提供参考.%Surface soil moisture (SSM) is one of the key parameters to play an important role in the study of global climate change.SSM is being increasingly recognized and there is a strong interest in developing methodologies to measure it using remote sensing technology in the past 40 years.SSM retrieval can be carried out almost by all regions of the electromagnetic spectrum (e.g.bands of visible, near infrared, thermal infrared and microwave), and a variety of methods and techniques have been proposed to facilitate this purpose, which have brought a revolutionary change to the SSM monitoring field.Compared with the traditional monitoring and microwave remote sensing monitoring methods, the optical remote sensing monitoring methods have the advantages of fast aging, low cost, good spatial and temporal resolution, strong dynamic contrast, simple method and easy data acquisition and processing.This paper systematically summarized and analyzed the development of SSM retrieval using optical remote sensing in the past 40 years, including the principles, application conditions, advantages, disadvantages and future development trends of these methods.