为探讨岩溶洞穴波状流痕 (舌状流痕) 的分布特征及形成原因, 对观音洞内的波状流痕的形态特征参数进行测量, 统计它在纵、横方向上的展布特征, 分析洞道形态结构与波状流痕的展布关系;同时, 根据地下河水运移规律, 探讨波状流痕的形成原因.结果显示: (1) 洞底波状流痕较均一, 形态差异小于洞壁; (2) 洞壁波状流痕在距洞底高1.0～1.2m范围内的流痕深度, 较1.2～1.4m和1.4～1.7m这2个高度范围内的深度变化大; (3) 洞壁波状流痕的形态特征变化与洞道形态结构有密切联系; (4) 岩溶洞穴波状流痕是地下径流过程产生的内波 (VI) 与梯度流 (VT) 共同作用的结果.认为地下径流是岩溶洞穴波状流痕的直接动力, 洞道结构形态对径流过程产生的内波 (VI) 与梯度流 (VT) 的叠加作用的影响, 导致波状流痕在洞内的展布特征.%This paper discusses the distribution characteristics and causes of wavy flow marks (tongueshaped flow marks) in karst caves.In this paper, by measuring the morphological characteristic parameters of wavy flow marks in Guanyin Cave, the distribution characteristics of wavy flow marks in the longitudinal and transverse directions are counted, and the relationship between the tunnel morphological structure and the distribution of wavy flow marks is analyzed.At the same time, according to the law of water transport in underground rivers, the reasons for the formation of wavy flow marks are discussed.The results show that, 1) the wavy flow marks at the bottom of the cave are more uniform and the morphological difference is smaller than that of the cave walls;2) The depth of the wavy flow mark on the wall of the tunnel in the range of 1.0-1.2 mfrom the bottom of the tunnel is larger than that in the range of 1.2-1.4 mand 1.4-1.7 m;3) The morphological characteristics of wavy flow marks on cave walls are closely related to the morphological structure of cave channels.4) The wavy flow marks in karst caves are the result of the combination of internal waves (VI) and gradient flows (VT) generated by the underground runoff process.Therefore, it is believed that the underground runoff is the direct driving force of the wavy flow marks in the karst caves, and the structural form of the tunnels has an impact on the superposition of the internal waves (VI) and the gradient currents (VT) generated in the runoff process, resulting in the distribution characteristics of the wavy flow marks in the tunnels.
展开▼
