[目的]探讨橡胶幼龄林下间作菠萝不同种植和覆盖方式水土保持效应,为集成橡胶林间作菠萝种植技术提供理论依据.[方法]2009～2010年,在西双版纳橡胶更新林下采用两因素裂区设计,以菠萝种植方式为主区,设顺坡种植、横坡种植两个水平；以不同覆盖材料为副区,设行间稻草覆盖、地膜覆盖两个水平,共4个处理,研究不同处理对土壤径流量和侵蚀量的影响.[结果]横坡种植可减少5～8月的径流量、5～10月的侵蚀量、雨季(4～10月)的总径流量和总侵蚀量；稻草覆盖可减少4～9月的径流量；地膜覆盖可减少5、7～10月的侵蚀量；地膜覆盖的总径流量大于稻草覆盖,总侵蚀量小于稻草覆盖.[结论]在橡胶幼龄林下,采用横坡种植可以起到较好的水土保持作用,地膜覆盖在减少降雨对林地的侵蚀方面优于稻草覆盖.%The effect of different planting and mulching methods on soil and water losses in young rubberpineapple intercropping plantation was studied in order to provide basis for application of integrated intercropping technolo gy in Yunnan rubber plantations. [MethodjA split-plot experiment with two factors (pineapple planting method as main plot and mulching method as sub-plot) was carried out in young rubber plantation in Xishuangbanna, Yunnan from 2009-2010 to study the surface water runoff and soil erosion in different treatments. In main plots two types of pineapple planting (longitudinal and cross ridge) and in subplot two types of mulching (rice straw and plastic film) were applied. [Result]Planting pineapple in cross ridge decreased the runoff for 4 months (May to August) and soil erosion for 6 months (May to October) in young rubber plantation compared to planting in longitudinal ridge. Total runoff and soil erosion were also reduced in rainy season (April to October). The fields mulched with rice straw decreased the water runoff from April to September and those mulched with plastic film decreased erosion in May, July to October. The total water runoff of soil in plastic film mulched plots was more than in those plots mulched with rice straw. However, the total soil erosion was lesser in plots mulched with plastic film than in those plots mulched with rice straw. [Conclusion]In young rubber plantation, pineapple intercropping in cross ridges was found to prevent the soil and water loss. Kunoff of soil mulched with plastic film was found to be decreased more in comparison to that mulched with rice straw.
展开▼
