传统石碑文物的抗震加固技术研究——以西安碑林石碑为例

摘要

In order to improve the seismic performance of Chinese traditional stele relics,a suitable aseismic strengthening method of Chinese traditional stele relics is proposed.Taking the typical stele relic in Xi'an Beilin as an example,the on-site investigations were carried out to obtain the actual geometric size and damage state of the stele relic.Then,the structural performance of the stele relic was analyzed by the finite element software ANSYS.Finally,the two different aseismic strengthening methods of the traditional stele relic are proposed and comparatively analyzed.The results show that in addition to the common problems,such as weathering,and cracks,etc,earthquakes seriously threaten the structural safety of stele relics.Under the rarely-occurring earthquake of eight degree,the unstrengthened stele relic will be overturned,and many cracks will occur at the connection area of stele body and stele pedestal.When the stele relic is strengthened by the stainless angle steel strengthening method,the stele relic will not be overturned,but some cracks will occur at the connection area of stele body and stele pedestal.When the stele relic is strengthened by the base isolation strengthening method,the stele relic will not be overturned,and no cracks will occur at the connection area of stele body and stele pedestal.Therefore,the aseismic strengthening effect of the base isolation strengthening method is obviously better than that of the stainless angle steel strengthening method,and this method is a suitable aseismic strengthening method of Chinese traditional stele relics.%为提升传统石碑文物的抗震性能,提出适合石碑文物的抗震加固方法.以西安碑林中的典型石碑文物为例,首先对石碑文物的保存现状进行了详细勘测,然后采用ANSYS有限元分析软件对石碑文物进行结构性能的分析,最后提出2种适合该类型文物的抗震加固方法并进行对比分析.结果表明:这些石碑文物不仅存在不同程度的风化、裂缝等明显残损问题,还存在地震时的结构安全问题.在8度罕遇地震作用下,未加固的石碑文物碑身和碑座处会出现许多裂缝,且石碑会整体倾覆.当采用增设不锈钢箍加固法对其进行抗震加固后,石碑整体不会倾覆,但石碑碑身和碑座处仍会出现一些裂缝.当采用基础隔震法对其进行抗震加固后,石碑整体不会倾覆,且石碑碑身和碑座处不会出现裂缝.因此,基础隔震法对传统石碑的抗震加固效果更好,可作为石碑文物的抗震加固方法.