蛋白饵剂中添加高效低毒农药已成为国内外防控实蝇类害虫的一项重要措施,为筛选高效低毒、与蛋白饵剂兼容性好的农药,在实验室条件下,采用药膜法和饵剂加毒法分别测定了多杀菌素、马拉硫磷、阿维菌素、虫螨腈和乙虫腈5种农药对橘小实蝇Bactrocera dorsalcs的触杀和胃毒作用.触杀试验结果表明,多杀菌素的触杀效果最好,LC50为72.33 mg· L-1,95％置信区间为52.84 ～ 101.48 mg·L-1.其他农药的触杀作用效果顺序为:阿维菌素＞马拉硫磷＞乙虫腈＞虫螨腈.胃毒试验结果表明,阿维菌素和多杀菌素的胃毒作用效果较好,LC50分别为13.99和15.76 mg·L-1,95％置信区间范围分别为11.72 ～16.97和13.09～ 19.23 mg·L-1.其他农药的胃毒作用效果顺序为:虫螨腈＞乙虫腈＞马拉硫磷.生物测定结果表明,添加农药后,水解蛋白的引诱效果会不同程度地下降,添加多杀菌素后引诱效果最好,引诱率达到55.83％,与水解蛋白原液相比,引诱率仅下降了4.17％.%Application of protein bait adding high-efficiency and low-toxicity pesticides is an important approach controlling fruit flies in the world. Under laboratory conditions, the contact and stomach toxicity of several pesticides to Bactrocera dorsalis were tested for screening the pesticides of high-efficiency, low toxicity and good proten bait compatibility. The results of contact toxicity showed that spinosad was the best due to its lowest LC50 of 72. 33 mg · L-1. The contact toxicity of other four pesticides in order was avermectins, malathion, ethiprole and chlorfenapyr. The results of stomach toxicity showed that avermec-tins and spinosad were better than those of other three pesticides, of which the LC50 were 13. 99 and 15.76 mg · L-1 respectively, and 95% confidence interval range were 11.72 - 16.97 and 13.09 -19. 23 mg · L-1 respectively. The effect of other three pesticides in order was chlorfenapyr, ethiprole and malathion. The bioassay results showed that the attractant effect of hydrolyzed protein dropped in various degrees after adding pesticides. The attractant rate of protein bait adding spinosad was 55. 83% , only a decrease by 4. 17% compared to hydrolyzed protein stock solution, which was the best among the five tested pesticides.
展开▼
