【目的】为应对日益严峻的能源和环境污染问题，综述了木质纤维生物质制备乙醇的原料预处理方法，为广大科研工作者提供了该研究领域的最新研究进展，展望了可再生木质纤维原料高值化利用的新思路和新技术。【方法】查阅了国内外生物质原料预处理制备生物乙醇的主要研究方法，并进行了归纳总结，提出各种预处理方法存在的优缺点。【结果和结论】利用可再生的木质纤维生物质发酵制取乙醇得到了广泛的研究，由于木质纤维原料结构复杂，直接转化效率低，木质素和半纤维素水解产物对纤维素水解和发酵具有明显的抑制作用。木质纤维原料预处理是提高乙醇得率的有效途径，通过预处理，去除植物细胞壁中木质素和半纤维素组分，降低木质素和半纤维素水解产物对后续乙醇发酵的抑制作用，同时降低纤维素结晶度，提高原料的多孔性，从而提高纤维素酶对纤维素的水解效率。%Objective] With the increasing concerns on energy crisis and environmental problems , the production of bioethanol from renewable and readily available lignocellulosic biomass has received consid -erable attention around all over the world .The pretreatment methods of lignocelluloses for bioethanol pro-duction are reviewed in this paper to provide the new progress and new ideas for the production of value -added products from lignocellulosic materials .[Method] The primary pretreatment methods of lignocellu-loses from the literatures are discussed and their advantages and disadvantages are comparatively investi -gated.[Result and conclusion] Because of the complex structure , the conversion of lignocelluose into bioethanol is inefficient due to the crystalline structure of cellulose .The degraded hemicelluloses and lig-nin in the hydrolyzates produced also cause inhibition in the subsequent fermentation stage and lead to a low bioethanol yield .To obtain a high overall bioethanol yield and achieve an economically feasible pro-duction process , the destruction of cellulose crystalline structure and the removal of lignin and hemicellu-loses prior to fermentation has the potential to provide the effective bioethanol production .Therefore , many pretreatment methods are applied to destroy the crystalline structure of cellulose , improve the acces-sibility and hydrolysis efficiency of interior cellulosic macromolecules , and remove lignin and hemicellulo-ses as well as avoid the inhibitory degradation products .
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