池杉叶片和球果挥发油化学成分分析及抗细菌活性

摘要

[Objective] To analyze and identify the chemical compositions of volatile oils extracted from Taxodium ascendens leaves and cones, and test the inhibition activities against seven different bacteria.[Method]The volatile oils were extracted by hydro-distillation from the leaves and cones of Taxodium as-cendens and the chemical compositions of the essential oils were analyzed by GC-MS. The inhibitory ac-tivities against bacteria were tested using the filter paper diffusion method. [Result]The yield rates for the essential oils of fresh leaves and cones were 0. 211% ( w) and 0. 657% ( w) , respectively. Totally 21 components were identified from the volatile oil of leaves, which accounted for 90. 410% of the total volatile content. (1R)-α-pinene (70. 149%), (-)-α-terpineol (7. 072%), 4-carene (2. 025%) andβ-pinene(2. 012%) were the major compounds in the volatile oil of leaves. Totally 13 components were identified from the volatile oil of cones, which accounted for 95. 285% of the total volatile content. (1R)-α-pinene (78. 609%), ferruginol (4. 276%), 4-carene (3. 355%), limonene (2. 324%) andβ-terpinene (2. 179%) were the major compounds in the volatile oil of cones. There were only four com-mon components in the volatile oils of both leaves and cones including (1R)-α-pinene, 4-carene, limo-nene and borneol. The volatile oil of cones showed the strongest inhibitory activity against Agrobacterium tumefaciens and the inhibition zone diameter was ( 34. 5 ± 2. 3 ) mm, while the volatile oil of leaves showed the strongest inhibitory activity against Staphylococcus haemolyticus and the inhibition zone diame-ter was (16. 0 ± 1. 2) mm.[Conclusion]The content of volatile oil in T. ascendens cones is higher than that in leaves, and (1R)-α-pinene is the main ingredient in both. The volatile oil of cones has higher an-tibacterial activity than that of leaves.%【目的】分析和鉴定池杉Taxodium ascendens叶片和球果挥发油的化学组成,测定挥发油对7种供试细菌的抑制活性。【方法】采用水蒸气蒸馏法分别提取池杉叶片和球果中的挥发油,通过GC-MS对提取得到的挥发油进行化学成分分析,采用滤纸片扩散法测定挥发油对供试细菌的抑制活性。【结果】池杉叶片和球果中挥发油的得率分别为0．211%和0．657%。从池杉叶片挥发油中鉴定出21种成分,占挥发性成分总量的90．410%,主要成分为(1R)-α-蒎烯(70．149%)、α-松油醇(7．072%)、4-蒈烯(2．025%)和β-蒎烯(2．012%)；从池杉球果挥发油中鉴定出13种成分,占挥发性成分总量的95．285%,主要成分为(1R)-α-蒎烯(78．609%)、铁锈罗汉柏醇(4．276%)、4-蒈烯(3．355%)、柠檬烯(2．324%)和β-萜品烯(2．179%)。池杉叶片和球果挥发油中相同的成分只有4种,分别是(1R)-α-蒎烯、4-蒈烯、柠檬烯和冰片。池杉球果挥发油对根癌农杆菌Agrobacterium tumefa-ciens的抑制活性最强,抑菌圈直径为(34．5±2．3) mm,而池杉叶片挥发油对溶血葡萄球菌Staphylococcus haemo-lyticus的抑制活性最强,抑菌圈直径为(16．0±1．2) mm。【结论】池杉球果中挥发油的含量高于其叶片,二者的主要成分均为(1R)-α-蒎烯,池杉球果挥发油的抗细菌活性明显强于叶片挥发油。