3种免疫增强剂对猪伪狂犬灭活疫苗的免疫效果评价

摘要

[Objective]To evaluate the immunopotentiation effects of levamisole hydrochloride(LH),concanavalin A(ConA)and muramyl dipeptide(MDP)on pseudorabies virus(PRV)inactivated vaccine.[Method]The immunopotentiators were mixed into inactivated PRV virus aqueous phase,and emulsified with oil phase to make inactivated vaccines containing immunopotentiators.The final concentrations of immunopotentiators were LH 7.5 mg·mL–1,ConA 25.0 mg·mL–1and MDP 150.0 mg·mL–1respectively.The second immunization was on the 14th day after the first immunization.Mouse serum samples were collected on the 14th day after the first immunization,7th and 14th day after the second immunization to detect relative cytokines(IL-2,IL-4,IFN-γ)and specific antibody levels.On the 14th day after the second immunization,all mice were attacked and the final attack protective rate was calculated.[Result]Compared to Baiyou group,ConA and MDP groups extremely significantly improved IL-2 content in mouse serum on the 14th day after the second immunization.LH group significantly improved IL-4 content on the 14th day after the first immunization,and MDP group significantly improved IL-4 content on the 14th day after the second immunization.The three immunopotentiators extremely significantly enhanced IFN-γ contents and specific antibody levels on the 14th and 7th day after the second immunization respectively,and also improved the attack protective rates.The survival rates of LH and ConA groups were 20％,while that of MDP group was 60％.[Conclusion]Three immunopotentiators within the range of the experimental dosages can enhance the immune effects of PRV inactivated vaccine in varying degrees.%[目的]评价盐酸左旋咪唑(LH)、刀豆素(ConA)和胞壁酰二肽(MDP)3种免疫增强剂对猪伪狂犬病毒(PRV)灭活疫苗的免疫增强作用.[方法]将免疫增强剂混入灭活的PRV水相,和油相乳化后制成相应含有免疫增强剂的灭活疫苗,使各免疫增强剂终剂量为:LH 7.5 mg·mL–1、ConA 25.0 mg·mL–1、MDP 150.0 mg·mL–1.首次免疫后14 d进行二次免疫,首次免疫后14 d、二次免疫后7和14 d采取小鼠血清,检测相关的细胞因子和特异性抗体水平,并在二次免疫后14 d攻毒,计算最终的攻毒保护率.[结果]相对于白油组,ConA组和MDP组在二次免疫后14 d对小鼠白介素2(IL-2)含量提升效果极显著;LH组在首次免疫后14 d、MDP组在二次免疫后14 d对白介素4(IL-4)含量提升效果显著;3种免疫增强剂分别在二次免疫后14和7 d对干扰素(IFN-γ)和特异性抗体含量提升效果极显著,并提高了攻毒保护率,LH组和ConA组存活率为20％,MDP组存活率为60％.[结论]3种免疫增强剂使用试验剂量均能不同程度地提升猪伪狂犬灭活疫苗的免疫效果,具有较好的应用前景.本研究结果为后续复合免疫增强剂筛选打下了基础.