选择性关系与反思性社区:一个社区行动者视角的研究

摘要

经典社会学对社区变迁的认识呈现出一种决定论和线性进化论的想象,即在现代社会结构压力之下,社区朝向某个必然的方向发展.这种理论的想象力无法意识到社会发展的差异性和行动者能动性的影响.进一步的研究需要从这种结构视角转向强调行动者的能动性和创造性.一个社区网的实践则表明,在物理空间和虚拟社区交织而成的社区空间之中,社区行动者基于不同的需求及对社区的理解而选择性地建构自己的社区纽带,形成对社区的多元想象与实践.社区生活并不会呈现单一和线性的发展,而是最终形成基于"选择性关系"的"反思性社区".%When classical sociologists thought about community changes,there was the imag-ination of determinism and linear evolution that community would have been developing toward the inevitable future because of structural pressure.This theory could not comprehend difference of social development and agency of the actor.Researchers demand some change and adjustment according to complicated realities.In the research on a community networks,we found that com-munity actors could construct their ties in the community and make their different imagination and community practices based on different requirement and understanding of community.Human community has been not developed linearly or unitarily,but became the reflexive being based on relations of choice.