利用AUTODYN-2D非线性差分软件对有空腔装药结构的射流成型过程进行了数值模拟。分析研究了装药空腔顶部到装药端面距离h、装药空腔顶部直径d及装药空腔与药型罩接合处母线长度L三因素对射流成型的影响规律。在此基础上，应用正交设计针对3种因素对射流头部速度影响的主次关系进行了分析研究。结果表明：射流头部速度随着h值的增大而减小，随着d值增大而增大；当其他因素不变时，L存在最佳取值，L小于最佳值时射流头部速度随L值增加而增加，反之则会降低；装药空腔顶部直径是射流头部速度的主要影响因素；得到了3种因素的最优组合，最终结果比无空腔装药射流头部速度提高了19.1%。%The AUTODYN-2D software was used to simulate formation of projectile. The influence law of the distance h between air cavity and the head surface of the charge,the diameter d of the top of the air cavity and the overlap length L of liner and air cavity were analyzed in this paper. On this basis, orthogonal design method was applied to analyze the primary and secondary relations of the three factors affecting the head velocity of jet. The results indicate that jet tip velocity decreases as d increases,while jet tip velocity increases as h decreases;and there is an optimum L when other factors are kept constant, jet tip velocity increases with L,but decreases when it is larger than this value;the diameter d of the top of the air cavity is the main influence factor,and the head velocity of the optimum combination is 19. 1%faster than the conventional shaped charge.
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