通气超空泡泄气机理研究

摘要

The control of cavity shape is one of the most critical links on ventilated supercavity. Its core prob-lem is to determine the ventilation parameters. For steady supercavitation, the ventilation rate should be e-qual to the gas leakage rate. This paper is concerned with the ventilation rule of supercavity in high Froude number flows and it is found that ventilated gas recirculate within the cavity. Based on this type of gas flow within the cavity and the theory of boundary layer, a new formula to calculate the ventilation coefficient is constructed. The calculating results are in good agreement with the experimental data in literatures in home and abroad. The gas leakage model in this paper may provide some references for further investigation on ventilation rule of supercavity.%空泡形态控制问题是人工超空泡技术的关键环节之一，其核心问题在于通气参数的确定。对于定常超空泡，通气量要与泄气量相匹配。文章针对不受重力影响的人工超空泡通气规律问题进行研究，发现通气超空泡内部气体以环流形式流动。基于这种空泡内气体流动模式以及边界层理论提出了一种新的通气系数计算公式，并与国内外文献中的相关试验结果进行对比验证，一致性良好。该文提出的泄气理论模型可以为进一步研究人工超空泡通气规律提供一定参考。