针对我国钾资源短缺的严峻现实,以72份东北三省新老大豆品种(系)为试材,采用田间试验的方法,设低钾和对照2个处理,通过3年的试验,以产量为指标,评价其低钾耐性的差异,以期为大豆耐低钾的耐性机制、遗传机理和耐低钾大豆新品种的选育提供参考.结果表明:不同大豆品种(系)的产量、相对产量的差异十分明显,多数大豆品种(系)对低钾胁迫的适应性为中等水平,对低钾胁迫比较敏感和耐性较强品种(系)均较少.根据相对产量可将供试品种(系)划分为3种类型:相对产量大于0.90为耐低钾型,如94001、T40、铁丰33、富黑一号和九农20号；相对产量为0.70～0.90为中耐低钾型,如新8、铁丰31号、铁96027、丹豆11、青皮豆和GD3264;相对产量小于0.70为低钾敏感型,如GD1575、GD8521、石二、GD2910和94133.%For the servere actuality of potassium resources deficiency in China, seventy-two soybean varieties (lines) from three northeast provinces were used in the field experiment with low potassium stress and adequate potassium supply. Difference of tolerance to low potassium was evaluated by yield from 2006 to 2008. The objectives were to explain the mechanism and genentic characters of tolerance to low potassium, and to supply the reference for breeding in soybean. The results showed that genotypic difference of yield and relative yield of soybean varieties (lines) were significant. Most of soybean varieties (lines) showed the medium adaptability, whereas some varieties (lines) were tolerance or sensitive to potassium deficiency. According to relative yield, these soybean varieties (lines) were divided into three types: (1) Relative yield more than 0.90 was tolerance to low potassium, such as 94001, T40, Tiefeng 33, Fuhei 1 and Jiunong 20. (2) Relative yield of 0.70-0.90 was moderate to low potassium, such as Xin 8, Tiefeng 31, Tie 96027, Dandou 11, Qingpidou and GD3264. (3)Relative yield less than 0.70 was sensitive to low potassium, such as GD1575, GD8521, shi 2.GD2910 and 94133.
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