黄河上游水电开发对区域水土流失的影响分析

摘要

In order to analyze the influence of hydroelectric development on regional soil erosion on the upper reaches of the Yellow River and summarize the analysis method of soil erosion under the macro-scale, the remote sensing data on soil erosion within typical time interval for typical hydropower station from Longyangxia to Liujiaxia reach were selected to interpret and analyze the remote sensing image, in addition, the site investigation and historical data were combined and the CIS technology was employed to summarize the evolution discipline for area and strength of regional water loss and soil erosion. The result indicated that the reach for the hydroelectric development had minor influence upon the water and soil erosion in the area, mainly such factors like soil, terrain, vegetation cover and so on. It was suitable to analyse the water and soil erosion evolution by adopting the dimention and the comparative analysis of remote sensing and historical documents. It has effectively solved the problem of deficiency of historical documents, and makes more clear evolution trend and the reason.%为分析黄河上游水电开发对区域水土流失产生的影响,并总结宏观尺度下水土流失演变分析的方法,选取黄河上游龙羊峡至刘家峡河段典型电站典型时段内的土壤侵蚀遥感资料,对遥感影像进行解译分析,并结合现场调查和历史资料,利用GIS技术总结区间水土流失面积及强度的演变规律.结果表明:河段多年水电开发对区域水土流失产生的影响较小,其主要影响为土壤、地形及植被等因素.宏观尺度下进行水土流失演变分析采用大小尺度结合、遥感与历史资料对比分析的方法是合适的,有效解决了历史实测资料缺乏的问题,也使历史演变趋势及原因更为清晰.