20世纪初，英国出于维护印度殖民地安全的目的，加紧对西藏的侵略。1899年寇松继任印督后，主张对俄、对藏采取积极政策，西藏成为英俄新的竞逐之地。整体态势是：俄国其势在守，英国其势在攻。英国政府在前进政策鼓吹者的推动下，武装入侵西藏，其军事外交方面的软硬兼施，颇显技高一筹。%At the beginning of 20th century, for the aim of protecting India and invading Tibet, Britain adopted the active policy to Russia and Tibet after George Curzon became the governor-general of India. As a result, Tibet became a place both countries contended for. Russia was defending while Britain was attacking. The British government, driven by the active policy, invaded Tibet. Its millitary and diplomatic policies were quite wise.
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