钾肥生产中副产尾盐梯级利用试验研究

摘要

柴达木盆地是我国重要的钾肥基地,年产氯化钾超过700×104 t,副产尾盐超过1 000×104 t,尾盐的主要组分是氯化钠,并夹带少量的氯化钾.通过精制试验研究,进一步回收氯化钾,氯化钠则作为纯碱原料,实现了尾盐的梯级综合利用,对促进盐湖循环经济发展具有重要意义.试验表明,采用二段洗涤工艺,结合喷淋和搅拌两种洗涤方式处理钾肥生产浮选尾盐,浮选尾盐经二段洗涤所得产品中氯化钠含量达到92.54％,符合纯碱所需原盐指标要求;母液中的氯化钾富集到一定程度后,回收可作为钾肥生产原料.%Qaidam basin is an important potash fertilizer base in China.The annual output of more than 7 million tons of potassium chloride,and more than 10 million tons of tail salt as the by-product of which the main component being sodium chloride mixed with small number of potassium chloride.By researching the refinement process,potassium chloride and sodium chloride can be further recycled as the raw materials of soda ash,which realizing the cascade utilization of tail salt and promoting the development of salt lake circular economy significantly.The experiments show that the secondary cleaning process of potash flotation salt,in combination with spray and mixing washing processing,sodium chloride content of the product reached 92.54％ (wet basis),which conformed to the requirements of the ammonia soda index through soda ash purifying.The more,potassium chloride is enriched to a certain degree concentration in the mother liquor after recycling which can be used as the raw material of potash production.