基于“事故树-层次分析法”的高校学生宿舍火灾风险分析

摘要

The fire safety of university dormitory is an important part of university safety. The fire risk analysis of u-niversity dorm is significant to the safety management. In the paper, the AHP was used to analyze the fire safety of university dorm. Before the analysis, the ATA was used to find the important factors for the AHP. It was concluded that the ATA-AHP method could be used to analyze the fire risk quantitatively. Fire device, fire load and the evacuation had the significant impact on the university dormitory safety.%高校学生宿舍的消防安全是高校安全管理的重要内容之一.对学生宿舍的消防进行风险分析对高校的安全管理具有重要意义.本文采用层次分析法对高校宿舍的消防安全进行风险分析.在进行层次分析法之前,引入了事故树,通过事故树寻求指标层中各类重要因素,从而提高了层次分析的准确性和有效性.分析结果表明:采用事故树-层次分析法,可定量地分析各个因素对建筑火灾风险的影响大小,对制定建筑火灾的防范措施具有一定的指导意义.分析结果表明:消防设施、火灾荷载和安全疏散设备对学生宿舍的火灾安全有着重要的影响,应该引起安全管理人员的重视.