对化学添加剂的灭火原理及其灭火性能进行研究,利用表面活性剂的复配原理,制备出pH值呈中性、完全溶于水的高效环保型水系灭火剂.并通过灭火平台系统对油盘火和固体堆垛的灭火效果进行测试分析.结果表明,含有3％添加量和5％添加量的配方灭火剂的灭火效能比使用纯水有较大的提高,对油盘的火势面积加权计算可以得到添加该配方的灭火剂灭火效能约为纯水的2.5倍.含有5％添加量的配方灭火剂对木垛火的灭火效能约为纯水的1倍,而且不易复燃.对研究可燃物质的阻燃以及消防灭火具有理论指导意义和实际应用价值.%The fire extinguishment mechanism and capability of chemical fire extinguishment additives were studied through the deep understanding of surfactant on its physical and chemical properties and by doing many experimentations and referring to a large amount of relevant datum. The mixed surfactants principles were successfully applied to prepare a high efficiency environmental water fire extinguishing agent which has a neutral pH and can completely soluble in water environment. Through test analysis by the fire extinguishing system on extinguishing effect of pan fire and solid stacking,the results showed that, performance of fire-extinguishing agents with 3% and 5% addition formula is much better than that of pure water, in a way of the oil fire area weighted calculation, it can be concluded that the fire extinguishing efficiency with the formulations adding is about 2. 5 times of the pure water. The fire extinguishing efficiency of wood crib fire extinguishing agent containing 5% addition formula is about 1 time of the pure water, and is not easy to rekindle. This research has theoretical significance and practical application value to explore fire retardant of the combustible material and fire extinguishing.
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