我国工业行业安全生产压力指数构建研究

摘要

针对单一事故指标在反映行业或区域安全生产形势方面存在的不足,提出采用“安全生产压力指数”这一指标来综合表征我国各行业整体安全生产形势.以工业行业为例,结合我国现有事故统计指标,综合考虑各行业生产安全事故的相对趋势、事故的严重程度以及行业风险控制水平对安全生产形势的影响,构建了以死亡人数占比指数(DNI)、事故严重度指数(ASI)和整体风险水平指数(TRI)为基础指标的安全生产压力指数(SPI)计算模型.通过对工业行业及其11个重点行业事故基础数据的采集整理,分别测算了工业行业1978 - 2011年度以及11个重点行业2007 -2009年度的SPI指数,分析了SPI指数在安全生产形势表征和安全生产形势预警方面的作用,提出了深化和完善SPI指数应用的建议.%In order to overcome the disadvantages in reflection of industry or regional work safety situation by the single accident indicator, it was proposed to use a comprehensive indicator Safety Pressure Index (SPI). Taking industry as example, considering the impact of industry accident reflective trend, accident severity and industry risk level on the feelings of work safety situation, the computing model of SPI was established combining with our existing accident statistics indicators. SPI was calculated by three parts, namely the Death Number Index (DNI) , the Accident Severity Index (ASI) and the Total Risk Index (TRI). Based on the collection and collation of large a-mount of basic data, the SPI of industry form 1978 to 2011 and 11 key industries from 2007 to 2009 were measured. And then the application of SPI in reflecting and forecasting work safety situation was analyzed. Finally, the recommendations to deepen and improve the application of SPI were proposed.