磨料形状对磨料气体射流冲蚀性能的影响研究

摘要

In order to determine the influence of abrasive shape on the erosion effect of high pressure abrasive gas jet,the stress distribution of the abrasive erosion target was analyzed based on LS-DYNA numerical analysis,and a calculation model of abrasive jet erosion volume considering the abrasive sphericity was established according to the transverse cracks and longitudinal cracks.The sphericity of abrasive shape was analyzed,and the influence laws of abrasive shape on the erosion volume were obtained through the rock breaking experiments by the high pressure abrasive gas jet.The comparison between the theoretical calculation results and the experimental data showed that the model had a high coincidence degree,simple mathematical form and good engineering applicability.According to the theoretical analysis and experimental results,it showed that the abrasive shape had significant influence on the erosion effect,and the erosion volume increased exponentially with the increase of the abrasive sphericity.Under the same erosion particle number and impact kinetic energy,the higher the sphericity of the abrasive particle,the sharper the edges,and the larger the erosion volume.It provides a theoretical basis for the abrasive optimization of high pressure abrasive gas jet,and provides a simple algorithm for predicting the erosion performance.%为明确磨料形状对高压磨料气体射流冲蚀效果的影响规律,基于LS-DYNA数值分析了磨料冲蚀靶体应力分布,根据横向裂纹和纵向裂纹建立了考虑磨料球形度的磨料射流冲蚀体积计算模型;分析了磨料形状的球形度,通过高压磨料气体射流破岩实验得出了磨料形状对冲蚀体积影响规律;对比分析理论计算结果和实验数据,验证计算模型吻合度较高,模型数学形式简单,且具有较好的工程适用性;结合理论分析和实验结果得出,磨料形状对冲蚀效果具有显著影响,随磨料球形度的增大,冲蚀体积呈指数增加;在相同冲蚀粒子数以及冲击动能情况下,磨料粒子球形度越高,棱角越尖锐,冲蚀体积越大.为高压磨料气体射流的磨料优选提供理论依据,冲蚀性能预测提供简易算法.