青岛市城市用地扩展与影响机制分析--基于县域数据的实证分析

摘要

青岛市是山东省经济发展和新型城镇化进程中的重要增长极，因此，研究其城市扩展与影响因素的过程有重要的意义。本研究从非城镇建设用地—城镇建设用地转换的视角，对青岛市城市用地扩展的时空格局与影响机制进行定量实证分析。采用城市扩展强度指数和城市扩展差异指数分析了青岛市辖区及胶州、即墨、平度、胶南和莱西五个县级市1990年至2008年城市用地扩展的时空格局差异。结合GIS和逻辑回归模型以县域单元数据为基础分析了用地扩展的影响机制。结果表明，高程、坡度、到道路的距离和到市中心的距离对城市扩展有显著负相关作用；而人口和GDP对城市扩展具有正相关作用且影响程度高，邻域因素也具有正相关作用。作用力在不同的县域影响范围有所不同。城市用地扩展的影响因素分析为土地利用管理和土地利用规划有较强的指导意义。%Qingdao is one of the essential growth poles in the process of new-type urbanization in Shandong Province. The study on the relationship between urban expansion and driving factors in this area is representative. This paper examined urban expansion from the perspective of non-urban to urban conversion, detailing an empirical investigation into the spatiotemporal variations and impact factors of urban expansion in Qingdao. By using the Urban Expansion Intensity Index (UEII) and Urban Expansion Differentiation Index (UEDI), the spatial and temporal difference of urban expansion in the Municipal District, Jiaozhou County, Jimo County, Pingdu County, Jiaonan County and Laixi County were calculated on a county unit data set for the period 1990 to 2008. A GIS and logistical regression models were applied for discussing the results of various factors in land use change. Results indicated that the elevation and slope factors showed negative effects to urban expansion. Distance to the city center and to road both also conferred negative effects. The population density and GDP were vital and positive factors of urban conversion. Neighborhood factors showed consistently positive effects. The magnitude of factors was various in different counties. A better understanding of the factors inlfuencing land use change could support land use management and planning decisions.