妇科肿瘤与生育力保护及保存

摘要

15％～20％的妇科肿瘤患者处于育龄期,这些患者中有很多仍有生育要求.然而妇科肿瘤治疗中的手术切除、放疗及化疗等均可对生育力产生严重损害,生育力下降或丧失将严重影响肿瘤幸存者的生活质量.因此如何在保证肿瘤治疗效果的前提下尽可能保护患者的生育力已成为肿瘤治疗中的重要议题.近十年,妇科肿瘤患者生育力保护研究取得了长足进展,保留生育力手术、药物和辅助生殖技术的不断改进和应用,其有效性和安全性也逐步得到临床证据的支持.现就妇科肿瘤中各种生育力保护和保存方法进行概述.%About 15％～20％ of gynecologic cancers are diagnosed during the childbearing years.Many of the patients still have fertility requirements.Standard treatment for gynecologic cancers may involve removal of reproductive organs,radiation and/or chemotherapy,all of which have detrimental effects on female reproductive potential.The loss of fertility will seriously affect the quality of life of cancer survivors.Therefore,there is urgent need for viable strategies for fertility preservation without compromising oncological outcome.In the recent decade,the fertility preservation in cancer patients has made great progress.Various fertility-sparing surgeries,assisted reproductive technologies and drugs have been used in fertility preservation,and their effectiveness and safety are continuously supported by clinical evidence.The aim of our review is to go through the available evidence in the literatures and evaluate the current state of various strategies for fertility preservation in gynecological malignancies.