城镇化的古典模式与新古典模式

摘要

城镇化发展的古典模式和新古典模式在短期内很难鉴别其各自优劣，需要从历史长程意义上加以比较分析。以宗教、安全、商业而兴起的“古典城镇模式”，虽然其生产力水平无法企及工业时代开启的“新古典城镇化模式”，但它们在历史上的发展经验需要今天的城镇加以沉淀；而“新古典城镇”的工业化内生、快速发展模式已经走到了历史所赋予其任务的衰落期，其发展史、城镇病史也尤其值得当今在建中的工业城镇所警惕。建设中国特色的新型城镇化与书写中国特色的城镇史，需要我们以城镇化的古典和新古典发展模式作为镜鉴，重新定位各类中国城镇的发展轨迹。%In the short term,it is hard to distinguish the respective advantages and disadvantages of the development of urbanization of the classical model and that of the neo-classical one.Therefore,it needs to be explored from the long term historical perspective.Though in terms of productivity level, the classical urban pattern,which emerged as a result of religion,security or business factors,can not match the “Neo-Classical Urbanization Model”initiated in the industrial age,their development experiences in the history need precipitation.By contrast,the rapid development of industrialization of the “Neo-Classical Urbanization”model has come to its declining period as far as its historical task is concerned.Therefore the history of the development of the city,particularly its malpractice,serves as a warning for the industrial towns in the making.To construct a new urbanization country with Chinese characteristics,we need to draw on both the classical and neo-classical models of urbanization develop-ment,so as to reshape the development track of China�s urbanization at various levels.