轨道交通和常规公交是城市公共交通系统中最主要的两种方式,它们之间的有效接驳是城市公共交通一体化的重要环节,由此形成了公交接驳线网优化问题(FBNDP).以FBNDP问题的既有研究成果为基础,通过对公交接驳线网和轨道交通运营线路组成的换乘网络上乘客出行方案的分析,将换乘费用加入到乘客出行费用中,使换乘网络客流出行费用考察更为全面.以最小化乘客出行成本和常规公交运营者开行成本为优化目标,建立基于换乘网络的接驳线网优化模型(FBNDP-TN模型).模型中,客流不再具有唯一终点(多对一),而是每个公交站点与轨道车站间均有客流需求这种更一般情形(多对多情形).并设计了更严格遵守频率约束的遗传算法,对测试算例网络上客流“多对一”和“多对多”进行了比较分析.算例分析结果表明:优化方法具有较好的性能,客流分布对接驳线网结构具有显著影响.%Rail transit and bus transport are two main modes in urban public transport system, and the effective connection between them is a very important aspect to integrate the public system. Thus feeder - bus network -design problem (FBNDP) is raised. Based on existing research achievements about FBNDP, the transfer route on the transfer network which is composed of feeder bus schedule and rail transit service was analyzed. Then the transfer cost was included into passenger travel cost so that all cost on the transfer network could be embodied. Feeder bus network optimization model was established based on transfer network to minimize passenger travel cost and feeder bus operation cost. In this model, the passenger demand does not be limited to a single destination ( M - to-1) , it is extended to the distribution between every origin and every destination ( M - to - M). In addition, genetic algorithm was designed strictly restricted by frequency constraint, and the test case was analyzed and compared under different passenger demand situations of M - to - 1 and M - to - M. The results show that the optimization method is effective and passenger flow distribution has a significant influence on feeder bus network construction.
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