两种护理方法用于肺结核咯血患者预后的效果观察

摘要

Objective To investigate the effect of two kinds of nursing methods on the prognosis of patients with pulmonary tuberculosis hemoptysis.Methods Selected 100 cases of lung tuberculosis patients in our hospital during January 2013 and January 2014, they were randomly divided into observation group and the control group, 50 patients in each group.Two groups of patients were given vasopressin treatment to stop bleeding. Patients in control group were given routine care, including prescribed medication, the condition observation and feedback, passive education, symptomatic and supportive care.Patients in the observation group were given overall nursing content in addition to routine care, including medication care, psychological care, health education, hemoptysis care and life care.The prognosis, mortality, hemoptysis stopped rate and increasing rate of the two groups were compared.Results The results showed that the mortality rate, the stopped rate and the increase rate of hemoptysis in the observation group were 2%, 84% and 2%, and there were 4%, 54% and 12%respectively.The difference of mortality rate between the two groups was not statistically significant (P>0.05). However, the hemoptysis stopped rate of observation group was significantly higher than that in the control group, the increasing rate of hemoptysis in observation group was statistically lower than that in control group (P<0.05).Conclusions The adverse psychological state of patients with hemoptysis can affect the prognosis of patients, the application of overall care measures for patients with pulmonary tuberculosis hemoptysis, can effectively reduce the symptoms of patients with hemoptysis, improve the mental state and prognosis, it is worthy of clinical promotion and application.%目的：探讨两种护理方案对肺结核咯血患者预后情况的影响。方法研究对象选取为2013年1月至2014年1月之间我院收治的100例肺结核咯血患者，随机分为观察组和对照组各50例，两组患者均给予垂体后叶素进行止血治疗，对照组实施常规护理，主要包括遵医嘱用药、病情观察与反馈、被动宣教、对症支持护理等，观察组则实施整体护理，护理内容除常规护理外，主要包括用药护理、心理护理、健康宣教、咯血护理及生活护理，对比两组患者预后情况，统计两组患者的死亡率、咯血停止率及咯血增加率。结果本次研究结果显示，观察组患者的死亡率、咯血停止率、咯血增加率分别为2．0％、84．0％、2．0％，对照组患者的死亡率、咯血停止率、咯血增加率则分别为4．0％、54．0％、12．0％，两组死亡率对比无显著差异（P＞0．05），但观察组患者的咯血停止率显著高于对照组，咯血增加率显著低于对照组，差异均具有统计学意义（P＜0．05）。结论咯血患者的不良心理状态会影响患者的预后，整体护理措施用于肺结核咯血患者，能够有效的减轻患者的咯血症状，改善患者的心理状态及预后，值得在临床上推广和应用。