商周时期女巫祈雨巫术研究

摘要

在以农耕生产为经济支柱且生产力不够发达的商周社会，风调雨顺往往意味着农业的丰收、人民生活的安康乃至国家政权的稳定，因此，祈雨禳灾成为当时最重要的宗教活动之一。商周时期的女巫在两大祈雨仪式雩祀和燎祭中发挥了十分重要的作用，但祈雨仪式中她们并不处于垄断地位，无论是女巫本身还是她们的祈雨巫术，都是可以被君主替代的。%The ceremony of praying for rain to eliminate the disaster has become one of the most impor‐tant religious activities because the rich rain often lead to the agricultural harvest and the stable life 、solid state power in Shang and Zhou Dynasties when is the farming production as the pillar of the economy and without advanced productivity .Sorceress play a very important role in the two rain praying ceremonies“Dancing Sacrifice” and“Fire Sacrifice”but without a monopoly position for the reasons that they can be replaced by monarch both themselves and their rain witchcraft .