实习护生锐器伤后心理应激反应发生情况调查分析

摘要

目的：：调查分析实习护生锐器伤后心理应激反应发生情况，为实习前的锐器伤防护提供理论依据。方法：采用便利抽样，对天津市某三级甲等医院实习的243名护生进行横断面问卷调查。结果：实习期间，有175名(72.0%)护生发生过锐器伤，其中有124名(70.9%)出现了恐惧、不知所措、紧张、焦虑等消极的心理应激反应。多因素分析显示：防护教育和稳定型情绪是发生锐器伤及心理应激反应共同的独立保护性因素，疫苗接种是发生心理应激反应的独立保护性因素。结论：护生实习期间锐器伤和消极心理应激反应发生率较高，与个人因素有关，应加强护生实习前职业防护教育知识培训和疫苗接种，及时进行伤后心理疏导，减少职业伤害。%Objective:To investigate and analyze the occurrence of psychological stress reaction of student nurses after injuries from sharp medical utensil to provide a theoretical basis for the prevention from the injuries. Methods:The cross-sectional survey was conduc-ted to investigate 243 student nurses in a certain hospital at the level of grade III class A in Tianjin city. Results:During clinical practice, 175 (72. 0%) of the student nurses had an injury from sharp medical utensil and 124 (70. 9%) of them once had such psychological stress reactions as fear,at a loss,tension and anxiety. Multivariate analysis showed that protection education and stable emotion were the in-dependent protective factors when the injuries happened and psychological stress responded to. The vaccination is also the independent pro-tective factor of psychological stress reaction. Conclusion:The incidence of injury from sharp medical utensil and the frequency of negative psychological stress reaction in student nurses are higher during clinical practice. The training on occupational protection for student nurses and vaccination should be strengthened before clinical practice and timely psychological counseling is necessary after the injuries.