儿童期与青少年期首发精神分裂症临床特征比较

摘要

Objective To compare the clinical features between childhood first -onset schizophrenia and adolescent first - onset schizophrenia.Methods The data of 147 first - onset schizophrenia patients less than 18 years old who hospitalized in Anhui mental health center from August 1,2005 to July 31,2007 were collected.All the subjects were diagnosed according to CCMD - Ⅲ criteria for schizophrenia.Patients were divided into childhood group (59 cases with age of onset less than 13 ) and adolescent group (88 cases with age of onset over 13 ).Data of patients in the two groups were compared retrospectively.Results There were significant differences in form of onset and curative effect between the two groups (P ＜ 0.05 ).Incidence of thinking content disturbance in adolescent group was significantly higher than in childhood group (x2 =0.019 ,P ＜0.05 ).Incidence of behavior disorder and mood disorder were significantly higher in childhood group than in adolescent group ( P ＜ 0.05 ).Conclusion Form of onset, curative effect and clinical symptoms in schizophrenia are related with the age of onset.%目的 了解儿童期和青少年期起病的精神分裂症临床特征及差异.方法 选取2005年8月1日～2007年7月31日在安徽省精神卫生中心住院的147例首次发病、资料完整、均符合中国精神障碍分类与诊断标准第3版中的诊断标准确诊为精神分裂症的住院患者,按首发年龄(<18岁)分为儿童组(<13岁,59例)和青少年组(≥13岁,88例),采取回顾性研究方法,就两组临床资料进行对照分析.结果 两组起病形式与出院疗效相比结果差异有显著性(P<0.05).青少年组出现思维内容障碍高于儿童组,两组比较差异有显著性(x2=0.019,P<0.05).儿童组出现行为障碍及情感障碍高于青少年组,两组比较差异有显著性(P<0.05).结论 精神分裂症的起病形式、疗效及临床症状与发病年龄有关.