住院老年痴呆患者照顾者照顾体验、正念水平、人格特质的相关性研究

摘要

目的 探讨住院老年痴呆患者照顾者的照顾体验、正念水平以及人格特质的相关性.方法 采用照顾者积极感受量表、照顾者负担量表、正念注意觉知量表、大五人格量表对住院老年痴呆患者主要照顾者进行调查.结果 住院老年痴呆患者照顾者照顾负担总分为(44.6±12.04)分、照顾负担处于中度水平;照顾者积极感受得分为(35.26±7.05)分、积极感受处于中上水平.正念水平与照顾者负担和神经质人格呈负相关(P＜0.05),与照顾者积极感受和外向性人格呈正相关(P＜0.05).分层回归分析显示,正念水平和人格特质可以预测照顾负担总变异的12.2％、照顾者积极感受总变异的15.0％.结论 住院老年痴呆患者照顾者照顾负担和积极感受同时存在,不同人格特质的照顾者体验到的照顾负担和积极感受水平不同,提高照顾者的正念水平可以增强照顾者的积极感受.%Objective To study the relationship among caregiving experiences,mindfulness and personality traits in caregivers caring for hospitalized patients with dementia.Methods Caregivers were assessed with Positive Aspects of Caregiving(PAC),Caregiver Burden Inventory (CBI),Mindful Attention Awareness Scale(MAAS) and Big Five Inventory (BFI).Results The total score of CBI was 44.6 ± 12.04,which was at a moderate level and total score of PAC was 35.26 ±7.05,which was at a middle and upper level.Mindfulness was negatively correlated with caregiver's burden and neurotic personality (P ＜ 0.05).By contrast,it was positively correlated with positive aspects of caregiving and extraversion personality (P ＜ 0.05).Hierarchical regression analysis showed that mindfulness and personality traits could predict 12.2％ of the total variances in caregiver burden and 15.2％ of the total variances in positive aspects of caregiving.Conclusion The caregiver burden and positive aspects of caregiving in caregivers for hospitalized patients with dementia are coexisting and different personality traits can experience different levels of burden and positive feelings;enhancing mindfulness might be effective to improve caregiviers' positive feelings.