Objective To investigate the risk factors of syncope symptom in patients with pulmonary embolism (PE).Methods 457 patients with confirmed pulmonary embolism were recruited in the study.They were divided into two groups:the syncope group (44 patients) and the group without syncope (413 patients).The clinical manifestation,laboratory examination,physical examination,imagingof all patients were analyzed by unconditional logistic regression.Results (1) Single factor analysis,prevalence of syncope was 9.6％ (44/457) in these patients with PE.Those with syncope had some higher risk factors,including age over 60,coronary heart disease,hypertension,stroke and lower limb vein thrombosis history.The proportion of falling pressure chest painand centricity thrombus in syncope group were increasing compared with the groupwithout syncope.Pulmonary embolism severity index (sPESI) score was higher than groupwithout syncope.(2) Multivariate analysis showed that hypertension coronary heart disease and Centricity thrombus were the independent correlates of the presence of syncope in the patients with PE.Conclusions Patients who had histories of hypertension and coronary heart disease may have the higher risk factors of syncope.Blood pressure falling and central localization may be more likely to happen in PE patients with syncope.%目的:探讨伴发晕厥的肺栓塞患者的临床相关危险因素.方法:共457例确诊肺栓塞患者纳入研究,分为晕厥组(44例)和无晕厥组(413例),采用非条件Logistic回归对两组患者的临床表现、实验室检查、体格检查和影像学特征进行危险因素的单因素和多因素分析.结果:(1)单因素分析:肺栓塞伴发晕厥的发生率为9.6％ (44/457),其中年龄＞60岁、有冠心痛、高血压、脑卒中、下肢静脉血栓病史的肺栓塞患者发生晕厥的风险高.晕厥组中存在血压下降、胸痛及中心型肺栓塞的患者较无晕厥组比例增加,其简化的肺栓塞严重程度指数(sPESI)评分较无晕厥组升高;(2)多因素分析:多项变量进行Logistic回归分析得出:高血压、冠心病病史及中心型血栓是肺栓塞患者发生晕厥的独立危险因素.结论:既往有高血压、冠心病病史可能是肺栓塞发生晕厥的高危因素;伴有晕厥的肺栓塞患者多出现血压下降,多为中心型血栓栓塞.
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