Objective To summarize the clinical manifestations, treatments and prevention measures of 3 patients that were diagnosed as cutaneous anthrax in the last four years in our hospital and transferred to the eighth hospital of Xi''An (Hospital for infectious diseases). The aim of this study was to supply the experiences of understanding, disposition and transferred treatment for the clinician of department of orthopedics and hand surgery. Methods Form July 2011 to September 2015, there were 3 cases of cutaneous anthrax with hand infections that were diagnosed by doctors, insulated imminently and transferred to the hospital for infectious diseases as soon as possible. All patients were made a definite diagnosis and received follow-up care. Results 3 transferred patients were diagnosed as cutaneous anthrax by means of bacterium culture and cured by standardized antibacterial program, detumescence, supporting treatment in 2~4 weeks. According to assessment standard of upper extremity described by Chinese Hand Surgery Association, excellent 2 cases, good 1 case. Conclusion Anthrax is a zoonotic and natural focal disease. The clinical symptoms occur in skin of hand firstly. The patients which was definitively diagnosed as cutaneous anthrax were strictly forbidden to some error handling, such as squeeze and clean the wound etc. It is necessary to establish standard antibacterial treatment and wound care. When cutaneous anthrax is diagnosed as early as possible, the prognosis is good by correct treatment.%目的 总结4年来手外科首诊发现,转诊西安市第八医院(传染病医院)治疗康复的3例手部皮肤炭疽患者的临床表现、治疗方法与预防措施,为临床手外科、骨科医师认识、处理、转诊治疗此类疾病提供经验.方法 2011年7月-2015年9月,对3例以手部皮肤肿胀感染来手外科门诊就诊患者,初步诊断皮肤炭疽感染后紧急隔离,转诊传染病医院确诊并进行后续治疗.结果 3例患者转诊后,经过局部创面的细菌学培养,均确诊为手部皮肤炭疽.使用标准化的抗菌方案,结合消肿、支持、局部创面处理等对症治疗2~4周,3例患者均痊愈出院.根据中华医学会手外科学会上肢部分功能评定试用标准评定肢体功能:优2例,良1例.结论 炭疽病是一种人畜共患的自然疫源性疾病,手部皮肤炭疽多是最先发现的临床症状.诊断明确的手部皮肤炭疽严禁手术清创、挤压创面等错误处理,要进行标准化抗菌治疗及伤口护理.手部皮肤炭疽只要早发现,正确治疗,预后良好.
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