为了探讨建成环境与静态工作者 BMI 的关系，从参加2010上海国民体质测试的20~59岁成年人群中，选取以办公室静态工作方式为主的人群作为样本(共计12044人；男性5902人，女性6142人)，采用有序多分类Logistic回归模型分别进行男性和女性的BMI与建成环境变量的关系分析。模型中BMI评价等级(正常=1，超重=2，肥胖=3)作为因变量，工作场所是否有公共体育活动场地设施、居住小区(村)是否有公共体育活动场地设施和居住地点与工作场所的距离3个建成环境变量作为自变量，年龄、受教育程度、近1年来参加本单位(村、镇)运动会比赛次数和所在单位(村)是否有体育锻炼补贴作为控制变量进入方程。结果发现，男性中相比于居住地点离工作场所大于6 km 的受调查者，<1 km 的受调查者 BMI 评价等级降低1级的预估系数为0.233(P=0.002)；相比于居住小区(村)无公共体育场地设施的受调查者，有公共体育场地设施的男性受调查者BMI评价等级升高1级的预估系数为0.156(P=0.031)。女性中，相比于工作场所无公共体育场地设施的，有公共体育场地设施的受调查者 BMI 评价等级降低1级的预估系数为0.202(P=0.005)；相比于居住地点离工作场所>6 km的，1~3 km的受调查者BMI评价等级降低1级的预估系数为0.211(P=0.013)。结果说明居住地点与工作场所的距离增大将增加上海市男性、女性静态工作方式人群的超重和肥胖发生率。%In order to probe into the relationship between built environments and static workers’ BMI, the authors selected totally 12 044 people (5 902 males and 6 142 females) mainly working in a static way in an office as the samples from adults ages 20-59, who had participated in 2010 Shanghai National Fitness Test, analyzed the rela-tionship between the BMIs of the males and females and built environment variables by using ordered multi-class logistic regression models, in which BMI evaluation ratings (1=normal, 2=overweight, 3=obese) were used as de-pendent variables, such 3 built environment variables as whether the work place has public sports playgrounds and facilities, whether the residence community (village) has public sports playgrounds and facilities and the distance from the residence location to the work place, were used as independent variables, age group, education level, num-ber of times to participate in sports games held by the company (village or town) and whether the company (village) provides physical exercise subsidies, were used as control variables and entered into the equations, and revealed the following findings:among the males, as compared with the surveyed whose residence location is more than 6 000m away from the work place, the estimated coefficient of the BMI evaluation rating of the surveyed whose residence location is less than 1 000m away from the work place being 1 level lower was 0.233 (P=0.002); as compared with the surveyed whose residence community (village) has no public sports playgrounds and facilities, the esti-mated coefficient of the BMI evaluation rating of the males surveyed whose residence community (village) has pub-lic sports playgrounds and facilities being 1 level higher was 0.156 (P=0.0031);among the females, as compared with the surveyed whose work place has no public sports playgrounds and facilities, the estimated coefficient of the BMI evaluation rating of the surveyed whose work place has public sports playgrounds and facilities being 1 level lower was 0.202(P=0.005); as compared with the surveyed whose residence location is more than 6 000m away from the work place, the estimated coefficient of the BMI evaluation rating of the surveyed whose residence loca-tion is 1 000-3 000m away from the work place being 1 level lower was 0.211(P=0.013). The said findings indicate that the increase of the distance from the residence location to the work place will increase the rates of occurrence of overweight and obesity of males and females working in a static way in Shanghai.
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