前列腺基底细胞癌3例

摘要

探讨前列腺基底细胞癌（basal cell carcinoma，BCC）临床病理特点并提高诊疗认识。通过报道3例 BCC患者的临床病理特点及诊疗经过，结合文献复习，提高对 BCC 诊疗特点的认识。3例 BCC 患者年龄为57～83岁，其中1例因血尿就诊，2例因排尿困难就诊。3例患者均合并前列腺增生，其中2例患者前列腺特异性抗原（pros-tate specific antigen，PSA）增高，1例 PSA 正常。病例1前列腺癌侵及膀胱、直肠前筋膜，伴淋巴结转移、骨转移、双肺多发转移，2014年11月2日行膀胱全切＋双侧输尿管皮肤造口术＋双侧闭孔及髂内淋巴结清扫术，术后病理诊断 BCC，2015年1月8日复查盆腔增强 MRI 提示盆腔内复发，2015年7月11日复查腹部增强 CT 提示肝多发转移，胰腺转移，2015年10月因前列腺癌死亡。病例2于2015年3月27日行前列腺穿刺病理诊断为 BCC，伴肺转移及骨转移，行化疗及内分泌治疗，后行局部放射治疗，2016年1月11日复查正电子发射断层显像与计算机断层显像（positron emission tomography and computed tomography，PET-CT）示患者肺转移瘤及骨转移瘤直径较前增大，数量增多，随访至2016年1月10日患者带瘤生存。病例3外院行经尿道前列腺电切术（transurethral resection of pros-tate，TURP），术后病理考虑 BCC 可能，行 PET-CT 提示残余前列腺恶性肿瘤，伴双侧盆腔淋巴结转移可能，2016年4月20日复查 PET-CT 提示盆腔可见巨大不规则混杂密度影，临床考虑肿瘤复发，遂予局部放射治疗，随访至2016年1月10日患者带瘤生存。BCC 临床罕见，是一种侵袭能力强、恶性程度较高、易发生转移的肿瘤，需要给予积极的治疗和密切的随访。%SUMMARY To explore the clinical pathological characteristics and improve the recognition in the diag-nosis and treatment of basal cell carcinoma (BCC)of prostate.Three cases of BCC of prostate were re-ported and the relevant literature was reviewed to investigate the diagnosis and treatment of this disease. We analyzed three cases of prostatic BCC.Their ages were within a range of 57 to 83 years.One of them complained of hematuria and two complained of dysuria.All of them presented with prostatic hyperplasia. Two of them presented with high prostate specific antigen (PSA)and one with normal PSA.Case 1 had prostate cancer invasion of bladder,rectal fascia,with lymph node metastasis,bone metastasis and lung metastases.The patient received bladder resection +bilateral ureteral cutaneous ureterostomy +lymph node dissection on November 2,2014 .Postoperative pathological diagnosis showed BCC.Reexamination of pelvic enhanced MRI in January 8,2015 suggested pelvic recurrence.Abdominal enhanced CT showed multiple liver metastases and pancreatic metastasis on July 11,2015.Prostate cancer specific death occurred in October 2015.Case 2 was diagnosed as BCC in prostate biopsy on March 27,2015. Positron emission tomography and computed tomography (PET-CT)showed pulmonary metastasis and bone metastasis.Then the patient received chemotherapy,endocrine therapy and local radiation therapy. Reexamination of PET-CT on January 11,2016 showed that the lung metastase tumors and bone metas-tase tumors were larger than before.Up to January 10,2016,the patient was still alive.Postoperative pathological changes of transurethral resection of prostate (TURP)in case 3 showed BCC might be con-sidered.The PET-CT suggested residual prostate cancer,which might be associated with bilateral pelvic lymph node metastasis.In April 20,2016,the review of PET-CT showed pelvic huge irregular hybrid density shadow,about 14.5 cm ×10.0 cm ×12.9 cm in size,and tumor recurrence was considered. Then the patient received local radiation therapy.The patient survived in the followed upon January 10, 2016.BCC of prostate is a rare subtype.Due to the local infiltrative and distant metastatic potentiality, active management is preferred and a life-long follow-up is necessary.