无痛和传统人工流产术式选择对未婚青少年重复流产的影响

摘要

Objective To explore the effect of painless artificial abortion and traditional artificial abortion on repeated abortion of unmarried adolescents. Methods In the study, 410 unmarried adolescents requiring abortion were divided into painless artificial abortion group (n=292) and traditional artificial abortion group (n=118). One-year follow-up was conducted after the abortion for frequency of repeated abortion, positively acquiring contraceptive knowledge or not, effective contraceptions, time of sexual life after the abortion and interval time of two abortions. Zung’s Self-Rating Anxiety Scale (SAS) and Self-Rating Depression Scale (SDS) were applied for evaluating patients’ psychological state. Results The comparison between the repeated abortion rate in painless artificial abortion group and that in traditional abortion group indicated statistical significance (字2=15.03, P<0.01). When compared with those in traditional group, frequency of repeated abortion, positively acquiring contraceptive knowledge or not, effective contraceptions, recovery of sexual life one month after the abortion and subsequent pregnancy in six months in painless artificial abortion group revealed statistical significance (P<0.05 or P<0.01). Scores of SAS and SDS in traditional artificial group were higher than those in painless artificial abortion group (P<0.01). Conclusion Higher repeated abortion rate is founded in patients after painless artificial abortion.Post-abortion family planning service is recommended particularly for unmarried adolescents after painless artificial abortion.%　　目的探讨无痛和传统人工流产术式选择对未婚青少年重复流产的影响.方法选择410例自愿要求行人工流产术的未婚青少年,其中行无痛人工流产术292例为无痛组,负压吸引常规手术方式人工流产118例为传统组,术后跟踪调查1年,调查1年内是否有重复人工流产及次数,是否主动了解避孕知识,有效避孕方法使用率,术后恢复性生活时间,2次人工流产间隔；采用Zung焦虑自评量表和抑郁自评量表,对患者心理状态进行评价.结果无痛组重复流产率与传统组比较,差异有统计学意义(字2=15.03,P<0.01)；无痛组重复人工流产次数、流产后主动了解避孕知识、有效避孕方法使用率、1个月内即恢复性生活、未转经即妊娠及6个月内再次妊娠与传统组比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05或P<0.01)；传统组焦虑自评量表分值和抑郁自评量表分值均高于无痛组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01).结论无痛人工流产虽然解决了未婚青少年流产术中疼痛问题,但术后存在重复流产率较高的问题,应广泛开展流产后计划生育服务,尤其对无痛人工流产术后的未婚青少年进行优质流产后计划生育服务.