贫困地区农村HIV/AIDS综合预防管理及健康教育的模式研究

摘要

Objective To explore the effects of the network model of comprehensive HIV/AIDS prevention and health education on the knowledge, attitude and behavior of the residents in resource limited rural areas. Methods The method of quasi - experimental study was applied in this research. A network model of comprehensive HIV/AIDS prevention and health education was established. The network model included the vertical structure of four levels ( county, township,village and family), the horizontal structure composed of different groups, basic units composed of families and focus groups of women and young people. The comprehensive intervention was carried out for one year, and the questionnaire of knowledge, attitude and behavior of HIV/AIDS was used to evaluate the effects.Results Before the intervention, there was no significant difference between the two groups in AIDS knowledge, attitude, behavior ( P ＞ 0. 05 ). After the comprehensive intervention ,the total scores of knowledge and attitude in the intervention groups were significantly higher than the control group, and the differences were statistically significant ( P ＜ 0.05 ). The behaviors between the two groups had no statistically difference ( P ＞ 0. 05 ). Conclusion The network model of comprehensive prevention and health education has satisfied effects on increasing the knowledge level and transferring attitude of residents in resource limited rural areas but has limited influence on the aspect of altering their behaviors,indicating this problem need further efforts.%目的 探讨综合预防管理及健康教育网络模式对贫困地区农村居民艾滋病知识、态度及行为的影响.方法 采用类实验性研究,建立由县、乡、村、家庭4级网络为纵向结构,不同人群为横向结构,家庭为基本单位,妇女及青少年为重点人群的HIV/AIDS综合预防管理及健康教育网络模式,进行为期1年的干预.应用艾滋病知识、态度及行为问卷进行干预效果评估.结果 干预前,两组艾滋病知识态度、相关行为得分差异无统计学意义(P>0.05).综合干预后,干预组艾滋病知识总分、态度总分均高于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);两组间艾滋病相关行为比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05).结论 综合预防管理及健康教育网络模式在提高贫困地区农村居民HIV/AIDS知识、转变态度方面具有较好的干预效果,但在促进行为转变方面效果不明显,亟待进一步加强.